External shocks—from commodity price surges, wars, and pandemics to foreign monetary tightening and abrupt capital flow reversals—create swift and varied challenges for central banks. The suitable rea...
Istanbul emerges as a megacity defined by striking contrasts: compact historic districts, heavily visited tourist corridors, sleek business hubs, expansive suburban areas, and two ...
Sustainable finance has moved from niche to mainstream, and regulators are a central force behind that shift. Through disclosure mandates, classification systems, product governance rules, and supervisory guidance, authorities are actively influencing how financial products are c...